Knoxville
Knoxville (Knoxville) is a city in eastern Tennessee, United States, built in 1786 at the western foot of the Appalachian Mountains and the river of the Tennessee River. Mr. Knoxville's name is Henry Knox, the first US military secretary. Knoxville, with a smaller population than Memphis and Nashville, is the third most populous city in Tennessee. Population 180,130 (2005 statistics). The area is 254.1 square kilometers (98.1 square miles), of which the land area is 240.0 square kilometers (92.7 square miles) and the water area is 14.1 square kilometers (5.4 square miles). The main industries of the city are chemicals, metal products, electrical appliances, food, wood processing and marble mining. Knoxville is also the main trade center for agricultural products, dominated by tobacco and livestock trading. The city is well-traveled and has railways, highways and flights linked to other cities.
| Knoxville | ||
|---|---|---|
| city | ||
 | ||
| ||
| Nickname:Marble City, K-Town, Big Orange Country, 865, Rocky Top, Knoxvegas | ||
 Locations in Tennessee, US | ||
| Coordinates: 35°58′N 83°57′W / 35.97°N 83.95°W / 35.97; -83.95 | ||
| country | US | |
| State | Tennessee | |
| county | Knox County | |
| settle down | 1786 | |
| organizational unit | 1791 | |
| government | ||
| · Type | Council of mayors | |
| · mayor | Indya Kincannon | |
| area | ||
| · Total | 98.09 Square mile (254.0) square kilometers) | |
| · land | 92.66 Square Mile (240.0) square kilometers) | |
| · water | 5.43 14.1 square miles square kilometers) 5.5% | |
| altitude | 936 Feet (276) meters) | |
| Population (2000) | ||
| · Total | 173,890 people | |
| · density | 1,876.7 people/sq mi (724.6 people/sq km) | |
| time zone | Eastern Time (UTC-5) | |
| · Xia Shi | Eastern Daylight Saving Time (UTC-4) | |
| Phone area code | 865 | |
| FIPS code | 47-40000 | |
| GNIS code | 1648562 | |
| website | www.cityofknoxville.org | |
Knoxville is the second oldest of the four major cities in Tennessee, behind Nashville, which was founded in 1779. After Tennessee joined the Union in 1796, Nortown was the capital of Tennessee until it moved to Mofriesboro in 1819.
A nickname in Nortown is "Marble City." In the early 20th century, there were lots of quarries in the city.
Nou City was the "world's underwear capital". In the 1930s, there were no fewer than 20 garment factories in Nou, which employed many workers. Since the 1950s, these factories have been closed, leading directly to the relocation of 10% of the population in Nortown in the 1960s.
The main campus of the University of Tennessee is in Nou City. The school's team is well known in the surrounding area.
history
Early history
As early as the ancient forest period (1000 BC to 1000 AD), the area of Nou City has been inhabited by humans. One of the oldest man-made buildings in the Nou City area is a tomb built around 1000 AD and belongs to the Mississippi civilization. The tomb is located on the campus of the University of Tennessee. Other prehistoric settlements include ancient forest-era villages at the intersection of the Tennessee River and Knob Creek; Then there is the Dallas-era village of Mississippi civilization, on Post Oak; and Bussell.
By the 18th century, the Cherokee tribe became the dominant tribe in the East Tennessee region. They're in constant war with the Creks and the Shoni. The Cherokee called the Nortown area kuwanda'talun'yi, a place of mulberry trees. The majority of the Cherokee settlement is in Overhill settlements, on the Little Tennessee River River, south of Nou City.
In the late 17th century, European Americans arrived in the Tennessee Canyon. There is also evidence that Hernando De Soto visited Bussell in 1540. The first big European-American event here was the Henry Timberlake expedition.
settle down
After the end of the French-Indian War and the American War of Independence, the number of white areas in the Appalachians increased rapidly. By the 1880s, there were white colonies near the Holston and French Broad valleys. Since the Cherokee have not given up on the land, most white immigrants have emigrated illegally. The US Congress in 1785 ordered all illegal immigrants to leave the canyon, with little effect. As white immigrants continue to encroach on the Cherokee lands, friction between white and Cherokee peoples rises and falls.
In 1783, US Civil War General James White and his friend James Connor bought a piece of land at the mouth of First Creek, and three years later founded the White Fortress. In 1790, General James White's son-in-law, Charles McClung, created a 640.5-acre small town of McClung, with two waterside lands reserved for public use in towns, two for churches and cemeteries, and four for school (later Blount College, the predecessor of Tennessee University). That same year, the President of Washington nominated William Blount, a surveyor in North South Carolina, as the manager of the new administrative district, Southern Ohio, the predecessor to Tennessee.
William Blount's first task was to resolve a land dispute between Cherokee and white illegal immigrants. Soon, in 1791, the parties signed the Holston Treaty at the White Fortress. William Blount had wanted the capital of the land to be built at the intersection of the Clinch and Tennessee rivers, now the Kingston region of Tennessee. Then the Cherokee refused to give up. William Blount chose White Fortress. William Blount named the new capital Knoxville. The name was based on the name of Henry Knox, the US War of Independence general who was just William Blount's boss.
The Holston Treaty soon posed huge problems. William Blount believes that by the time the treaty was signed, he had "bought" large tracts of land in today's East Tennessee region. However, both parties continued to use violence because of disputes over the treaty's provisions. In 1792, 200 Cherokee marched in Newtown under the leadership of John Watts, while another group of Cherokee attacked Covet's Station in 1793. Both groups of Cherokee were repelled by white Nortown immigrants. White Nortown immigrants attacked the Cherokee and killed the Madame Chiefs. The two sides reached peace in 1794 after peace talks.
Knoxville before the Civil War
Knoxville is the capital of the Southern Ohio political entity. Knoxville was the capital of Tennessee after the southern Ohio region was approved in 1796. In 1817, the Tennessee capital moved to Murfreesboro. Early Nortown was called Early issues of the Knoxville Gazette — the first Tennessee newspaper was Knoxville. The early paper was full of news of murder, theft and attacks by hostile Cherokee. Abishai Thomas, a friend of the state leader William Blount, wrote after arriving in Nou City in 1794 that he was surprised by the modern architecture, but there are seven bars and no church.
In the early days, because it was the halfway point for travelers and new immigrants to the west, Nou City became prosperous. In the first half of the 19th century, because of its location as a shipping hub, Nortown quickly became a regional trading hub. Local produce, especially tobacco, cereals and whisky, is used to trade cotton with the south. In the 1850s, as the East Tennessee-Georgia Railway opened, the population doubled.
James White's son, Hugh Lawson White (1773-1840), was one of the early luminaries of Nortown. He began as a judge and state congressman, and was nominated by the state legislature in 1825 to become a senator in the US Congress, replacing the Andrew Jackson. In 1836, White lost the US presidency on behalf of the Whigs.
Civil war in the United States
Anti-slavery and anti-secession sentiments were high in East Tennessee before the US civil war. William "Parson" Brownlow, the publisher of the radical newspaper Knoxville Whig, is the head of the anti-separatist movement in the region (though he supports slavery). Blount, south of Nortown, is a center of slavery: There's a larger church branch of the Church of Parishioners, where Isaac Anderson, the principal of Mariwell, is a famous anti-slave. It is reported that the Greater Warner Tabernacle AME Zion church in Nou City is a branch of the Underground Railway Organization. However, because of the close economic ties between Nou City and the southern Mian region, there is a large separatist movement in the urban areas. The more famous pro-secession figures include the historian J.G.M. Dr. Ramsey, the son of Ramsey House's builder. Therefore, when the East Tennessee region and Grand Knox County voted against the split in 1861, the ratio of votes in favor of the split against the split reached 1:2.
In July 1861, following Tennessee's accession to the United States Alliance, General Felix Zollicoffer arrived in Newtown to become the commander of the East Tennessee region. At first, the general was very kind to the sympathizers of the Northern Alliance. In November, however, after the Northern Alliance guerrillas destroyed seven bridges in the city, the general ordered military control. The position of commander here was passed briefly to George Crittenden, then to Kirby Smith. In August 1862, Kirby Smith invaded Kentucky and failed. In early 1863, General Simon Buckner took charge of Nortown's armed forces. In preparation for the Northern Army, he ordered the construction of the Loudon (unlike the Loudoun in the southwest, in the western part of the city) and the digging of tunnels throughout the city for combat. In the summer of 1863, before the offensive was completed, the Northern Army, led by Ambrose Burnside, approached Nortown, where General Simon Buckner was forced to withdraw.
Ambrose Burnside arrived in Nortown in September 1863. Like the Southern Army, he immediately ordered the strengthening of urban defenses. The Northern Army rebuilt the Loudon Fortress and built 12 additional fortresses and defense facilities. Ambrose Burnside ordered the demolition of a pontoon bridge upstream of Loudon to facilitate the Northern Army's downflow and the construction of a series of fortresses, including Stanley and Dickerson, south of Novo.
While the Northern Army was building its defenses in Nou City, the Southern Army defeated the Northern Army in the Chickamauga campaign on the Tennessee-Georgia front and surrounded Chattanooga. On November 3, 1863, the Southern Army sent General James Longstreet north to attack General Ambrose Burnside of the North in Nou City. Longstreet had intended to attack the Norse region from the south, but they were unable to cross the river because of the inability to build floating bridges, were forced to bypass the Loudon river downstream (November 14), and then struggled through the heavily fortified area west of the city. On November 15, General Joseph Wheeler of the North failed to stop the Southern Army in the highlands of the southern part of the city. The next day, Longstreet failed to repel the regrouped Northern Army. November 18, William P. General Sanders was seriously wounded and then killed in the battle to stop the Southern Army from advancing in the western part of the city. In honor of him, the Loudon Fortress was later renamed the Sanders Fortress. On November 29, after two weeks of siege, the Southern Army attacked the Sanders fortress, but withdrew after 20 minutes of exchange of fire. On December 4, General Longstreet, after learning of the failure of the Southern Army during the third Battle of the Chattanoous, abandoned his attempt to capture Knotown and retreated to Russellville in the winter. He joined the North Virginia Army the next spring.
Reconstruction and the Industrial Age
After the war, northern investors such as the Joeseph and David Richards brothers brought Knoxville back to life relatively quickly. The Joseph and David Richards brothers persuaded 104 Welsh immigrant families to move from Pennsylvania to work at the mill. These Welsh homes are now known as Mechanicsville. The Richards brothers are also among the investors in Knoxville Iron Works. The factory here also employs Welsh people and the site was later used for the 1982 Expo.
In addition, the factories in Nookville Woolen Mills, Dixie Cement and Woodruff's Furniture appeared during this period. Between 1880 and 1887, Nortown Hall established 97 factories, most of them specialized in textiles, food and steel. By the 1890s, the city had more than 50 wholesale malls, making it the third largest wholesale center in the south of the US in terms of throughput. The Candoro Marble Factory, established in the Vestal community in 1914, is the country's leading producer of pink marble and one of the largest importers of marble in the country.
In 1869, Thomas Hughes, president of the University of East Tennessee, who supported the north during the civil war, received funding from the Federal Post-War Reconstruction Fund to expand the university, once occupied by both North and South. In 1879, the university was renamed the University of Tennessee to facilitate the application of additional funds to the Tennessee legislature. Charles Dabney, who took over as president in 1887, has overhauled the faculty and established law schools, making the school's perspective more modern.
The postwar reconstruction brought thousands of immigrants to the city. The population of Nortown grew rapidly from about 5,000 in 1860 to 32,637 in 1900. In 1897, West Knoxville was annexed. Between 1895 and 1904, there were more than 5,000 new families.
The Progressive Period and the Great Depression
In 1910 and 1911, Nortown hosted two expeditions in Alabama. The 1913 National Protected Land Expedition has greatly increased the call for a national park in the Great Smoky Mountains, 20 miles (32 kilometers) south of Nou City. During that time, some wealthy Nortown people began buying homes in Elkmont and working harder to promote the idea of national parks. These people, the Connaught City business men, formed Colonel David C. The Big Smoky Mountains Park Council, led by Chapman, raised money to buy land in the Big Smoky Mountains area, forming the core of the park that followed. 1933 Tayanshan National Park officially opened
The Nortown economy relied on manufacturing, which left it badly injured in the Great Depression. The Tennessee Valley was hit by floods and millions of acres of farmland were damaged by soil erosion. In order to regulate water and promote economic development in the Tennessee Valley, the Federal Government established the Tennessee Valley Authority in 1933. From the Norris dam, a series of hydroelectric and other energy facilities have been built in decades, controlling floods well, providing jobs and ample electricity. The Federal Government's Work Engineering Bureau helped establish McGhee-Tyson Airport and expand the Neyland Stadium in the 1930s. The Tennessee Valley Authority building was one of the city's earliest modern skyscrapers, built in the 1970s.
In 1948, the first famous drink surge was sold in Nou City. The drink was originally designed to be a wine-adjusting drink added to whisky. [1] In the same period, John Gunther, author of Inside the United States, said that Nortown was the ugliest city in the United States, which triggered a series of beautification campaigns in Nortown and improved the city appearance in the center.
Modern Knoxville
The textile and manufacturing industries of Nortown quickly lost out to foreign competitors in the 1950s and 1960s. After the establishment of the interstate highway system in the 1960s, the advantages of Nuo City as a railway transport hub no longer exist. From now on, Nortown is in decline. It is government jobs and diverse economies that have organized further increases in unemployment. Cities began to try to reverse the decline in revenue, trying to merge with the rest of Knox's neighborhood. The merger plan sparked fierce debate, with several attempts to merge the administrative regions failing.
As the merger plan faltered, Nou City launched several projects aimed at raising revenue in the center. The 1982 Expo was one of the most successful of these projects. The World Expo was one of the most successful in American history and attracted 11m people. Because Nortown is home to the Tennessee Valley Authority and is close to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the theme of the Expo is energy. For the World Expo, Knoll has built a 266-foot-tall, gold-glass giant that remains one of the city's most popular attractions.
Since then, Nou City has begun to grow again. The Women's Basketball Stadium, the National Traditional Center and the Regal Cinema opened one after another, and the market square was rebuilt.
Forbes magazine has selected Knoll as one of the 10 metropolitan hot spots.
geography
Nuo City located at 35°58'22"N 83°56′32″W / 35.97278°N 83.94222°W / 35.97278; -83.94222 (35.972882, -83.942161).
According to the US Census Bureau, the urban area is 98.1 square miles (254.1 km²), of which 92.7 square miles (240.0 km²) are land and 5.4 square miles (14.1 km²) are water.
climate
Knoxville belongs to the sub-tropical humid climate region (Cobain Climate Taxonomy Cfa). Because of its high altitude, the climate is not as hot as in the west or south. Summer is damp and hot. The average annual precipitation is 1,225 mm, and the average annual snowfall is 25 cm in winter.
| Monthly Temperature List: Normal, Highest Ever, Lowest Ever | ||||||||||||
| month | January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | 11 | 12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Highest historical°F | 77 | 83 | 86 | 92 | 94 | 102 | 103 | 102 | 103 | 91 | 84 | 80 |
| normal high temperature°F | 46.3 | 51.7 | 60.3 | 69 | 76.3 | 83.6 | 86.9 | 86.4 | 80.7 | 69.9 | 59 | 49.8 |
| normal low temperature°F | 28.9 | 31.8 | 39.1 | 46.6 | 55.6 | 63.9 | 68.5 | 67.3 | 60.8 | 47.7 | 38.9 | 31.9 |
| Historical Lowest°F | -24 | -8 | 1 | 22 | 32 | 43 | 49 | 49 | 36 | 25 | 5 | -6 |
| Credit: USTravelWeather.com [2] | ||||||||||||
population characteristics
According to the results of the 2000 census, there are 177,661 persons and 40,164 families in urban areas. There are 616,079 people in the Knoxville Demographic District. The population density is 1,876.7 people per square mile (724.6 square kilometers). There are 84,981 houses with a density of 354.1/km². The ethnic composition is: 79.7% white, 16.2% African american, 0.31% Native American, 1.45% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Island, 0.72% other race, and 1.57% from a mixture of more than two races.
Of the 76,650 families in the Grand Nortown area, 22.8% had children under the age of 18. 35.3% of married couples live together. 13.7% are living by single women without husbands and 47.6% are living alone without families. 38.3% had only one person, and 11.4% had only one person aged 65 or older. The average room is 2.12 persons and the average family is 2.84 persons.
Knoxville celebrities
- Category:People from Knoxville, Tennessee
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sister city
According to Sister Cities International, Knoxville has seven sister cities:
- Haium, Poland
- Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Kaohsiung, ROC
- Larissa, Greece
- Muroran, Japan
- Neuquen, Argentina
- Rysan-gun, South Korea
Reference
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Knoxville Demographics. KnoxvilleTennessee.com. 2007-03-10 [2007-06-03]. (Original content archived in 2007-06-09).
- ^ Knoxville(city)QuickFacts. United States Census Bureau. 2007-05-07 [2007-06-03]. (Original content archived in 2007-06-08).
- ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. [2008-01-31].
- ^ US Board on Geographic Names. United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25 [2008-01-31].
- ^ Jack Neely, The Marble City: A Photographic Tour of Knoxville's Graveyards(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 1999), xxi.
- ^ Fletcher Jolly III, "40KN37: An Early Woodland Habitation Site in Knox County, Tennessee," Tennessee Archaeologist 31, nos. 1-2 (1976), 51.
- ^ Frank H. McClung Museum, "Woodland Period Internet Archive Archive, Date 2008-07-23..." Retrieved: 25 March 2008.
- ^ Fletcher Jolly III, "40KN37: An Early Woodland Habitation Site in Knox County, Tennessee," Tennessee Archaeologist 31, nos. 1-2 (1976), 51.
- ^ James Strange, "An Unusual Late Prehistoric Pipe from Post Oak Island (40KN23)," Tennessee Archaeologist 30, no. 1 (1974), 80.
- ^ Richard Polhemus, The Toqua Site - 40MR6, Vol. I(Norris, Tenn.: Tennessee Valley Authority, 1987), 1240-1246.
- ^ Cora Tula Watters, "Shawnee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 278-279.
- ^ Ima Stephens, "Creek." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 252-253.
- ^ James Mooney, Myths of the Cherokee and Sacred Formulas of the Cherokee (Nashville: Charles Elder, 1972), 526.
- ^ Jefferson Chapman, Tellico Archaeology: 12,000 Years of Native American History (Norris, Tenn.: Tennessee Valley Authority, 1985), 97.
- ^ Henry Timberlake, Samuel Williams (ed.), Memoirs, 1756-1765 (Marieta, Georgia: Continental Book Co., 1948), 54.
- ^ William MacArthur, Knoxville, Crossroads of the New South(Tulsa, Okla.: Continental Heritage Press, 1982), 1-15.
- ^ Yong Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site: A Civil War Union Encampment on the Southern Heights of Knoxville, Tennessee(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Transportation Center, 1993), 9.
- ^ Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site, 9.
- ^ MacArthur, 17.
- ^ William MacArthur, Jr., Knoxville: Crossroads of the New South (Tulsa, Oklahoma: Continental Heritage Press, 1982), 17-22.
- ^ G. H. Stueckrath, "Incidents in the Early Settlement of East Tennessee and Knoxville Internet Archive Archive, Date 2009-04-01..." Originally published in De Bow's Review Vol. XXVII(October 1859), O.S. Enlarged Series. Vol. II, No. 4, N.S. Pages 407-419. Transcribed for web content by Billie McNamara, 1999-2002. Retrieved: 25 February 2008.
- ^ Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site, 9.
- ^ W. Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville Internet Archive Archive, Date 2006-04-15..." The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 26 February 2008.
- ^ MacArthur, Knoxville: Crossroads of the New South, 23.
- ^ Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site, 9.
- ^ W. Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville Internet Archive Archive, Date 2006-04-15..." The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 26 February 2008.
- ^ Jonathan Atkins, "Hugh Lawson White Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 26 February 2008.
- ^ Forrest Conklin, "William Gannaway "Parson" Brownlow page archive backup, available in the Internet Archive. " The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 27 February 2008.
- ^ Durwood Dunn, Cades Cove: The Life and Death of An Appalachian Community(Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1988), 125.
- ^ Knoxville-Knox County Metropolitan Planning Commission, "Designated Properties: Knoxville Historic Zoning Commission Internet Archive, Date 2007-07-12..." Retrieved: 27 February 2008.
- ^ MacArthur, Knoxville: Crossroads of the New South, 42-44.
- ^ Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site, 10.
- ^ Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site, 10-12.
- ^ Kim, The Sevierville Hill Site, 15-17.
- ^ William Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville, Tennessee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 375.
- ^ William Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville, Tennessee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 375.
- ^ Linda Snodgrass, "The Candoro Marble Works Internet Archive Archive, Date 2009-06-28..." 2000. Retrieved: 28 February 2008.
- ^ Milton Klein, "University of Tennessee Internet Archive Archive, Date 2009-01-04..." The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 28 February 2008.
- ^ Milton Klein, "University of Tennessee Internet Archive Archive, Date 2009-01-04..." The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 28 February 2008.
- ^ W. Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville Internet Archive Archive, Date 2006-04-15..." The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 28 February 2008.
- ^ Jack Neely, "Knoxville, Tennessee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 654.
- ^ Carlos Campbell, Birth of a National Park In the Great Smoky Mountains (Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1969), 13-18, 32.
- ^ W. Bruce Wheeler, "Tennessee Valley Authority Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 28 February 2008.
- ^ William Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville, Tennessee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 376.
- ^ Jack Neely, "Knoxville, Tennessee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 654.
- ^ William Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville, Tennessee." The Encyclopedia of Appalachia(Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, 2006), 376.
- ^ W. Bruce Wheeler, "Knoxville World's Fair of 1982 Archive of the Internet Archives, Date 2008-05-11..." The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 28 February 2008.
- ^ Hot Spots - Forbes.com
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990. United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12 [2011-04-23].
- ^ "10 Years - Band Bio Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Garageband.com. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607-1896. Chicago: Marquis Who's Who. 1963.
- ^ "Sheila and Sherry: The The Aldridge Sisters page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Victor Ashe page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Ava Barber Page Archive Backup Available in the Internet Archive" - official site. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Dave Barnes with Andy Davis Internet Archive, Date 2008-12-01..." Retrieved: 23 May 2008.
- ^ Katherine Wheeler, "Barber & McMurry Architects Internet Archive Archive, Date 2009-06-28..." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Summer: Death's Acre: The Inside Bill Bass's Body Farm page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Forrest Conklin, "William Gannaway "Parson" Brownlow page archive backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Francis Hodgson Burnett - Biography and Works Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Wayne Bledsoe, "Man of Constant Motion Internet Archive Archive, Date 2008-10-10..." Knoxnews.com, 15 June 2006. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Comic Creator: The Darby Conley page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The John Cullum page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " IMDb.com. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Darren Paltrowitz, "Superdrag's John Davis: The The Daily Vault Interview page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Leo Goodsell, "David Glasgow Farragut Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Superstar Lookback: Mr. The Fuji page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " 8 February 2008. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Biography of Phillip Fulmer page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The 400 Richest Americans - Guilford Glazer page archive backups are available in the Internet Archive. " Forbes.com. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Archive of the James Haslam II Receives 2004 Distinguished Alumnus Award from the College of Business Administration Internet Archive, date 2011-07-20..." Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Linda Wynn, "William Henry Hastie Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Arcadia Publishing: The Knoxville page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Arcadia bio. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Online World of Wrestling Profiles - Kane Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Biography - Jeff Jarrett Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ Laura Holder, "Mabry-Hazen House Internet Archive Archive, Date 2009-06-28..." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Brownie McGhee page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Piedmont Blues bio. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Adolph Ochs page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Randy Orton Profile page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Wayne Bledsoe, "Have you heard? The Knoxville home to variety of music page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Knoxnews.com, 25 March 2007. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Florence Reece page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " IMDb.com. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Glenn Harlan Reynolds page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Robert Corlew, "John Sevier Internet Archive Archive, Date 2008-06-19..." Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ Carroll Van West, "Pat Head Summit Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive. " Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, 2002. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ City of Knoxville official website Internet Archive, Date 2011-05-01., 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Our Stories: The Dramatic Rise and Fall of Chris Whittle." WBIR.com. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "Chris Woodruff - Archive of the Bio Internet Archive, Date 2003-07-12..." Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
- ^ "The Tina Wesson page archive backup is available in the Internet Archive. " IMDb.org. Retrieved: 24 April 2008.
Some sources
- Carey, Ruth. "Change Comes to Knoxville." in These Are Our Voices: The Story of Oak Ridge 1942-1970, edited by James Overholt, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1987.
- Deaderick, Lucile, ed. Heart of the Valley—A History of Knoxville, Tennessee Knoxville: East Tennessee Historical Society, 1976.
- Jennifer Long; "Government Job Creation Programs-Lessons from the 1930s and 1940s" Journal of Economic Issues . Volume: 33. Issue: 4. 1999. pp 903+, a case study of Knoxville.
- Knoxville. The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. [2006-03-14]. (Original content archived in 2006-04-15).
- Knoxville. Tennessee History for Kids. [2007-02-07]. (Original content archived in 2006-10-14).
- Knoxville History. [2007-02-07]. (Original content archived in 2006-12-20).
- The Mcclung museum at The University of Tennessee Knoxville, "Archaeology & the Native Peoples of Tennessee" exhibit. Exhibit Link. (Original content archived in 2008-04-02).
- McDonald, Michael, and Bruce Wheeler. Knoxville, Tennessee: Continuity and Change in an Appalachian City University of Tennessee Press, 1983. the standard academic history
- The Future of Knoxville's Past: Historic and Architectural Resources in Knoxville, Tennessee. (Knoxville Historic Zoning Commission, October, 2006).
- Rothrock, Mary U., editor. The French Broad-Holston Country: A History of Knox County, Tennessee. (Knox County Historical Committee; East Tennessee Historical Society, 1946).
- Isenhour, Judith Clayton. Knoxville, A Pictorial History. (Donning Company, 1978, 1980).
- Barber, John W., and Howe, Henry. All the Western States and Territories, . . . (Cincinnati, Ohio: Howe's Subscription Book Concern, 1867). pp. 631-632.
External Links
- City of Knoxville
- Knoxville-related content in open catalog plans
- Knoxville Tourism and Sports Corporation Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive
- Knoxville, Tennessee Local Guide and Search Page Archive Backup, Available in the Internet Archive
- The Knoxville News Sentinel Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive
- The South Knox·Seymour Times Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive
- Knoxville Voice(independent alternative bi-weekly)
- Metropulse Page Archive Backup in the Internet Archives
- KnoxViews Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive
- City View Magazine Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive
- Knoxville Magazine Page Archive Backup, available in the Internet Archive
- http://www.knoxvilletennessee.com/ page archive backup available in the Internet Archive "About Knoxville"]
| Relevant travel guides on Wikitour guides: Knoxville |
- Maps and Aerial Images (English) Coordinate: 35.972882° -83.942161°